1. Strengthen Fertilizer and Water Management.
① Rational Fertilization. Use organic fertilizer as the main component and chemical fertilizer as a supplement; apply heavy base fertilizer and appropriate top dressing; pay attention to the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and emphasize the use of micronutrients; avoid applying fertilizers that fruit trees are sensitive to, and regulate growth.
② Scientific Water Management. The period for flower and fruit preservation and improving fruit set rate is when fruit trees require more water. If the soil is short of water, irrigate promptly, which can be combined with fertilization. Irrigation should not be done during the midday heat and strong sunlight, but rather in the evening or morning.
2. Strengthen Tree Vigor Management.
① Flower and Fruit Thinning. Thin flowers and fruits on fruit trees with excessive flowering and fruit production. The number of flowers and fruits to be retained should be determined according to the specific tree vigor. Remove diseased, insect-infested, deformed, and overly dense fruits.
② Summer Shoot Control. Use a fruit-specific fertilizer diluted with water for spraying or pinch off new shoots to control the rapid growth of summer shoots, promote reproductive growth, and achieve increased yield and income. ③ Proper Pruning. Pruning reduces shading and enhances photosynthesis. It is generally done after fruit harvest or during flower and fruit thinning. Remove weak, dead, crossing, and diseased branches, and shorten overly vigorous branches to promote fruit enlargement.
3. Strengthen Pest and Disease Control.
① Seize the Control Period. Based on the occurrence and development patterns of pests and diseases, seize the key control periods and apply pesticides promptly to reduce damage.
② Use Pesticides Rationally. First, choose low-toxicity, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly pesticides; second, prepare the pesticide solution according to the instructions, ensuring the concentration is not too high; third, pay attention to control methods, do not apply insecticides during flowering, avoid spraying on rainy days or in high temperatures, and do not apply pesticides that fruit trees are sensitive to.
